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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of eighty meters or 265 feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is 16,642 kg or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety pounds with counter weights of 20 tons. Moreover, two limit switches are utilized to be able to make certain that the driver does not overload the crane. There is also another safety feature known as a load moment switch to ensure that the operator does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Finally, the tower crane has a maximum reach of two hundred thirty feet or 70 meters.
Because of their extreme heights, there is a science involved to erecting a crane. The stationary structure would at first need to be brought to the construction location by utilizing a big tractor-trailer rig setup. Then, a mobile crane is utilized so as to assemble the machinery part of the jib and the crane. These sections are then connected to the mast. The mobile crane then adds counterweights. Forklifts and crawler cranes may be some of the other industrial machines that is commonly utilized to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane as the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is known as a climbing frame or a top climber that fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. When complete, the slewing unit could detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an extra twenty feet or 6.1m. Next, the crane driver uses the crane to insert and bolt into place another mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by definition is a container other than in the tare or empty condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers should be treated as loaded. In order to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions like wind has to be taken into consideration. The term loaded refers to the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. To be able to ensure that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the load should be equally distributed throughout the container.
Having an evenly distributed cargo it is helpful to avoid excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability, in order to maintain safety. An even load helps to prevent unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
The eccentricity of the center of gravity varies, with the load distribution within the container. It is very essential that the designers of handling equipment and containers consider in the engineering process. Like for example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the length of the container measured from one end of the machinery, the eccentricity corresponds to 5 percent.
To be able to make certain that the equipment utilized is right for the cargo, care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container and that the container is free to be handled. Specific attention has to be paid to the possibility of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, like for instance a tank container, a bulk container or a container with a liquid bulk bag or a thermal container with a refrigerating unit, either clip on or integral, or any container with a hanging load, great care must be taken when raising these.
